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Saṁyutta Nikāya 45.34 Linked Discourses 45.34
4. Paṭipattivagga 4. Practice
Pāraṅgamasutta Going to the Far Shore
Sāvatthinidānaṁ. At Sāvatthī.
“Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṁ gamanāya saṁvattanti. “Mendicants, when these eight things are developed and cultivated they lead to going from the near shore to the far shore.
Katame aṭṭha? What eight?
Seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi …pe… sammāsamādhi. They are right view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.
Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṁ gamanāya saṁvattantī”ti. When these eight things are developed and cultivated they lead to going from the near shore to the far shore.”
Idamavoca bhagavā. That is what the Buddha said.
Idaṁ vatvāna sugato athāparaṁ etadavoca satthā: Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:
“Appakā te manussesu, “Few are those among humans These verses also occur in the context of the seven awakening factors (SN 46.17:2.1), the tenfold path (AN 10.117:2.1, AN 10.118:3.1), the ten ways of skillful deeds (AN 10.169:3.1, AN 10.170:2.1), and as independent verses (Dhp 85–89).
ye janā pāragāmino; who cross to the far shore.
Athāyaṁ itarā pajā, The rest just run
tīramevānudhāvati. around on the near shore.
Ye ca kho sammadakkhāte, When the teaching is well explained,
dhamme dhammānuvattino; the people who practice accordingly
Te janā pāramessanti, will cross over
maccudheyyaṁ suduttaraṁ. Death’s dominion so hard to pass.
Kaṇhaṁ dhammaṁ vippahāya, Rid of dark qualities, While the text has the singular dhamma here, the commentary explains it by way of the contrast between “dark” qualities and “bright” qualities, which are typically in plural. And indeed, the Sanskrit parallels of this verse have the plural form. See Norman’s note on Dhp 87 in his The Word of the Doctrine.
sukkaṁ bhāvetha paṇḍito; an astute person would develop the bright. Bhāvetha here is a rare reflexive form for the third person optative singular, agreeing with pariyodapeyya below.
Okā anokamāgamma, Having left home for homelessness The Pali for “home” is oka, which I elsewhere disambiguate by rendering as “bastion”.
viveke yattha dūramaṁ. in seclusion, where joy is hard,
Tatrābhiratimiccheyya, they’d long for satisfaction there.
hitvā kāme akiñcano; Forsaking sensual pleasures, owning nothing,
Pariyodapeyya attānaṁ, an astute person would cleanse themselves
cittaklesehi paṇḍito. of mental corruptions.
Yesaṁ sambodhiyaṅgesu, And those whose minds are rightly developed
sammā cittaṁ subhāvitaṁ; in the awakening factors; For “awakening factors” the Pali has sambodhiyaṅga, which is a different spelling of sambojjhaṅga, familiar from the “seven awakening factors”.
Ādānapaṭinissagge, who, letting go of attachments,
anupādāya ye ratā; delight in not grasping—
Khīṇāsavā jutimanto, with defilements ended, brilliant,
te loke parinibbutā”ti. they are quenched in this world.”
Catutthaṁ.