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Udāna 1.8 Heartfelt Sayings 1.8
Saṅgāmajisutta With Saṅgāmaji
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—So I have heard.
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā saṅgāmaji sāvatthiṁ anuppatto hoti bhagavantaṁ dassanāya. Now at that time Venerable Saṅgāmaji had arrived at Sāvatthī to see the Buddha.
Assosi kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā: His former wife heard
“ayyo kira saṅgāmaji sāvatthiṁ anuppatto”ti. that he had arrived,
Sā dārakaṁ ādāya jetavanaṁ agamāsi. and went to the Jetavana, taking their boy.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā saṅgāmaji aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṁ nisinno hoti. Now at that time Venerable Saṅgāmaji was sitting at the root of a tree for the day’s meditation.
Atha kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā yenāyasmā saṅgāmaji tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ saṅgāmajiṁ etadavoca: Then his former wife went up to him and said,
“khuddaputtañhi, samaṇa, posa man”ti. “Ascetic, please raise this little boy.” Read naṁ throughout.
Evaṁ vutte, āyasmā saṅgāmaji tuṇhī ahosi. When she said this, Saṅgāmaji kept silent.
Dutiyampi kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā āyasmantaṁ saṅgāmajiṁ etadavoca: For a second time she said,
“khuddaputtañhi, samaṇa, posa man”ti. “Ascetic, please raise this little boy.”
Dutiyampi kho āyasmā saṅgāmaji tuṇhī ahosi. For a second time, Saṅgāmaji kept silent.
Tatiyampi kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā āyasmantaṁ saṅgāmajiṁ etadavoca: For a third time she said,
“khuddaputtañhi, samaṇa, posa man”ti. “Ascetic, please raise this little boy.”
Tatiyampi kho āyasmā saṅgāmaji tuṇhī ahosi. For a third time, Saṅgāmaji kept silent.
Atha kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā taṁ dārakaṁ āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purato nikkhipitvā pakkāmi: Then she put down the boy in front of Saṅgāmaji, saying,
“eso te, samaṇa, putto; posa nan”ti. “This is your child, ascetic. Please raise him.”
Atha kho āyasmā saṅgāmaji taṁ dārakaṁ neva olokesi nāpi ālapi. But Saṅgāmaji neither looked at the boy nor spoke to him.
Atha kho āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikā avidūraṁ gantvā apalokentī addasa āyasmantaṁ saṅgāmajiṁ taṁ dārakaṁ neva olokentaṁ nāpi ālapantaṁ, disvānassā etadahosi: Then his former wife went a little distance away. Looking back, she saw Saṅgāmaji ignoring the boy, and thought,
“na cāyaṁ samaṇo puttenapi atthiko”ti. “This ascetic doesn’t even want his child.” Atthiko is tricky to translate due to the vagueness of the base term. Ānandajoti has “need”, while Ṭhānissaro has “care about”. But it is usually used in the sense of “want”, as a synonym of gavesī, etc., or one who desires a kingdom.
Tato paṭinivattitvā dārakaṁ ādāya pakkāmi. She returned to pick up the boy, then left.
Addasā kho bhagavā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena āyasmato saṅgāmajissa purāṇadutiyikāya evarūpaṁ vippakāraṁ. With clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, the Buddha saw how Saṅgāmaji’s former wife went back for the child. For vippakāraṁ, Ānandajoti has “bad manners”, while Ṭhānissaro has “misbehaving”. Neither of these seems justified. PTS dictionary gives only commentarial citations for this word, but it also occurs at Pvr 15:37.7, where it is defined as changes in posture. It seems the Buddha merely observed that the former wife had changed her mind and gone back. Otherwise, the sutta passes no judgment on her behavior.
Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ imaṁ udānaṁ udānesi: Then, understanding this matter, on that occasion the Buddha expressed this heartfelt sentiment:
“Āyantiṁ nābhinandati, “When she came he was not glad,
pakkamantiṁ na socati; when she left he did not grieve.
Saṅgā saṅgāmajiṁ muttaṁ, Victorious in battle, freed from chains,
tamahaṁ brūmi brāhmaṇan”ti. that’s who I declare a brahmin.”
Aṭṭhamaṁ.