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Sutta NipÄta 5.4 Sutta NipÄta 5.4Anthology of Discourses 5.4
Puį¹į¹akamÄį¹avapucchÄ Puį¹į¹akaās QuestionsThe Questions of Puį¹į¹aka
āAnejaį¹ mÅ«ladassÄviį¹, āTo the one unperturbed, who has seen the roots,Nd II explains the Buddhaās having āseen the rootsā in three ways: (a) that greed, aversion, and delusion are the roots of the unskillful, while their absence roots the skillful ā citing AN 6:39, though Nd IIās quotation there adds phrasing not found in the sutta itself, apparently to close off the implication that good or bad destinations could exist beyond the deva, human, and lower realms; (b) that all unskillful qualities are rooted in ignorance (per SN 20:1) while all skillful qualities are rooted in heedfulness (per SN 45:79ā80, SN 45:82, and SN 46:31); and (c) that ignorance is the root of all the factors of dependent co-arising. For a further sense in which the Buddha saw the root, see MN 1.āTo the imperturbable, the seer of the root,ā
(iccÄyasmÄ puį¹į¹ako) (Puį¹į¹aka)said Venerable Puį¹į¹aka,
Atthi paƱhena Ägamaį¹; I have come with a question.āI have come seeking with a question.
Kiį¹ nissitÄ isayo manujÄ, Because of what have many human seersOn what grounds have seers and men,
KhattiyÄ brÄhmaį¹Ä devatÄnaį¹; ānoble warriors, brahmansāaristocrats and brahmins here in the world
YaƱƱamakappayiį¹su puthÅ«dha loke, offered sacrifices to devas here in the world?A similar question receives a different answer at Sn 3:4.performed so many different sacrifices to the gods?
PucchÄmi taį¹ bhagavÄ brÅ«hi me taį¹ā. I ask you, Blessed One. Please tell me.āI ask you, Blessed One; please tell me this.ā
āYe kecime isayo manujÄ, āThose many human seersāWhatever seers and men,ā
(puį¹į¹akÄti bhagavÄ) (the Buddha)replied the Buddha,
KhattiyÄ brÄhmaį¹Ä devatÄnaį¹; ānoble warriors, brahmansāāaristocrats and brahmins here in the world
YaƱƱamakappayiį¹su puthÅ«dha loke, who have offered sacrifices to devas here in the world, Puį¹į¹aka,have performed so many different sacrifices to the gods:
ÄsÄ«samÄnÄ puį¹į¹aka itthattaį¹; hoping for more of this state of being,all performed sacrifices bound to old age,
Jaraį¹ sitÄ yaƱƱamakappayiį¹suā. offered their sacrifices because of aging.ālonging for this place.ā
āYe kecime isayo manujÄ, āThese many human seersāAs to those seers and men,ā
(iccÄyasmÄ puį¹į¹ako) (Puį¹į¹aka)said Venerable Puį¹į¹aka,
KhattiyÄ brÄhmaį¹Ä devatÄnaį¹; ānoble warriors, brahmansāāand aristocrats and brahmins here in the world
YaƱƱamakappayiį¹su puthÅ«dha loke, who have offered sacrifices to devas here in the world:who have performed so many different sacrifices to the gods:
Kaccissu te bhagavÄ yaƱƱapathe appamattÄ; Have they, Blessed One, heeding the path of sacrifice, dear sir,being diligent in the technique of sacrifice,
AtÄruį¹ jÄtiƱca jaraƱca mÄrisa, crossed over birth & aging?have they crossed over rebirth and old age, good fellow?
PucchÄmi taį¹ bhagavÄ brÅ«hi me taį¹ā. I ask you, Blessed One. Please tell me.āI ask you, Blessed One; please tell me this.ā
āÄsÄ«santi thomayanti abhijappanti juhanti, āThey hoped for, liked, longed for, so they sacrificedāāHoping, invoking, praying, and worshiping,ā
(puį¹į¹akÄti bhagavÄ) (the Buddha)replied the Buddha,
KÄmÄbhijappanti paį¹icca lÄbhaį¹; they longed for sensuality, dependent on gain.āthey pray for pleasure derived from profit.
Te yÄjayogÄ bhavarÄgarattÄ, I tell you: Those who take on the yoke of sacrifice, impassioned with the passion for becoming,Devoted to sacrifice, besotted by rebirth,
NÄtariį¹su jÄtijaranti brÅ«miā. have not crossed over birth & aging.āOn the question of rebirth in the suttas generally, see the essay The Truth of Rebirth.theyāve not crossed over rebirth and old age, I declare.ā
āTe ce nÄtariį¹su yÄjayogÄ, āIf those who take on the yoke of sacrificeāIf those devoted to sacrifice,ā
(iccÄyasmÄ puį¹į¹ako) (Puį¹į¹aka)said Venerable Puį¹į¹aka,
YaƱƱehi jÄtiƱca jaraƱca mÄrisa; havenāt crossed over birth & aging,āhave not, by sacrificing, crossed over rebirth and old age,
Atha ko carahi devamanussaloke, then who in the world, dear sir, of beings divine & humanwho then in the world of gods and humans
AtÄri jÄtiƱca jaraƱca mÄrisa; has crossed over birth & aging?has crossed over rebirth and old age, good fellow?
PucchÄmi taį¹ bhagavÄ brÅ«hi me taį¹ā. I ask you, Blessed One. Please tell me.āI ask you, Blessed One; please tell me this.ā
āSaį¹
khÄya lokasmi paroparÄni, āHe who has fathomed the high & low in the world,āHaving appraised the world high and low,ā
(puį¹į¹akÄti bhagavÄ) (the Buddha)replied the Buddha,
YassiƱjitaį¹ natthi kuhiƱci loke; for whom there is nothing perturbing in the worldāāthere is nothing in the world that disturbs them.
Santo vidhÅ«mo anÄ«gho nirÄso, evaporated, undesiring, untroubled, at peaceāPer Nd II, āevaporatedā means that oneās misconduct in body, speech, and mind ā together with all oneās defilements ā has dried up and vanished.Peaceful, unclouded, untroubled, with no need for hopeā
AtÄri so jÄtijaranti brÅ«mÄ«āti. he, I tell you, has crossed over birth & aging.āBoth AN 3:32 and AN 4:41 discuss this closing verse. In AN 3:32, Ven. Änanda asks whether a monk could develop a concentration free of āIā-making, āmineā-making, or underlying conceit with regard to this body, to any external object of concentration, and within the release of awareness and discernment. The Buddha says yes, describing the perception behind it as: āThis is peace, this is exquisite ā the stilling of all fabrications, the relinquishing of all acquisitions, the ending of craving, dispassion, cessation, unbindingā ā and says the poemās final verse was spoken with that state of mind in view. In AN 4:41, the Buddha names four ways of developing concentration ā leading to a pleasant abiding in the present, to knowledge and vision, to mindfulness and alertness, and to the ending of the effluents ā and says the final verse was spoken with these four in mind. Although the verse doesnāt name concentration directly, its phrase ānothing perturbingā seems to point to the āimperturbableā states of concentration; see MN 102, note 2, and MN 106, note 1.theyāve crossed over rebirth and old age, I declare.ā
Puį¹į¹akamÄį¹avapucchÄ tatiyÄ. Puį¹į¹akaās Questions, the third.